Differentiating Optimists from Pessimists in the Prediction of Emotional Intelligence, Happiness, and Life Satisfaction: A Latent Profile Analysis

Abstract What are the differences between optimists and pessimists? The aim of this study is to analyze reported by pessimists in terms three psychological variables: emotional intelligence (EI), happiness, life satisfaction. To answer question, we examined extent which a combination different levels optimism pessimism can differently predict EI, satisfaction two independent samples (891 adults, 494 adolescents). do that, introduced person-centered approach, offers several advantages over extended, predominant variable-centered approach. Then, using latent profile analysis, identified groups individuals with similar optimism–pessimism configuration: optimists, ambivalents, pessimists. results obtained supported our hypothesis that report higher than those Low optimism, rather high pessimism, distinguish optimistic from non-optimistic people prediction external outcomes. Our suggest be viewed as separate yet correlated traits grouped together explain individual affective cognitive differences, encourage refinement strategies interventions used psychology practice.